10-09-2009, 04:18 AM
John's Useful Ubuntu Linux Commands
Sticky?
cd
Change the working directory.
chgrp
Change group ownership of files.
chmod
Change access permissions of files.
chown
Change file owner and group.
cksum
Print CRC checksum and byte counts of each file.
cp
Copies a file.
date
Outputs the current date and time.
df
Reports the amount of disk space used and available on filesystems.
dir
List directory contents.
du
Estimate file space usage.
echo
Display a line of text.
exit
Cause the shell to exit.
fgrep
Print lines matching a pattern in a file.
find
Search for files in a directory hierarchy.
free
Display amount of free and used memory in the system.
grep
Print lines matching a pattern.
groups
Outputs the user groups of which your account belongs to.
head
Output the first part of files.
hostname
Outputs the machines hostname on the network.
id
Outputs user id, group id, and groups of your account.
kill
End a process.
killall
Kill processes by name.
last
Show listing of last logged in users.
ln
Make links between files.
logname
Print user's login name.
ls
List directory contents.
man
Opens the manual page for a software or function.
md5sum
Outputs the MD5 hash sum of a file.
mkdir
Makes a directory.
mv
Moves a file.
nl
Number lines of files.
nm
List symbols from object files.
od
Dump files in octal and other formats.
pidof
Find the process ID of a running program.
ping
Pings a host.
ps
Outputs running processes.
pstree
Display a tree of processes.
pwd
Outputs the name of current working directory.
rm
Removes a file or directory.
rmdir
Removes a directory.
sed
Stream editor for filtering and transforming text.
sha1sum
Outputs the SHA1 hash sum of a file.
shutdown
Bring the system down in a secure way. All logged-in users are notified that the system is going down.
size
List section sizes and total size.
stat
Outputs file status.
strings
Print the strings of printable characters in files.
tail
Output the last part of files.
talk
Talk to another user.
touch
Change a file's access and modification timestamps. If file does not exist, create it.
tty
Outputs the name of the current terminal.
[/QUOTE]/dev/pts/16[/QUOTE]
uname
Outputs operating system, hostname, kernel version, date and timp, and processor.
uptime
Outputs the system uptime.
users
Print the user names of users currently logged in to the current host.
vdir
List directory contents.
w
Show who is logged on and what they are doing.
wall
Send a message to everybody's terminal.
wc
Counts lines in a file.
whatis
Search the whatis database for complete words.
who
Outputs who is currently logged into the system.
whereis
Locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command.
whoami
Outputs your username / the name of your account.
Sticky?
cd
Change the working directory.
Quote:$ cd /bin
chgrp
Change group ownership of files.
Quote:$ chgrp games moo.txt
chmod
Change access permissions of files.
Quote:$ chmod +x helloworld
chown
Change file owner and group.
Quote:# chown root lorem.txt
cksum
Print CRC checksum and byte counts of each file.
Quote:$ cksum lorem.txt moo.txt
Quote:3570240675 453 lorem.txt
4294967295 0 moo.txt
cp
Copies a file.
Quote:$ cp lorem.txt copy_of_lorem.txt
date
Outputs the current date and time.
Quote:$ date
Quote:Sat Mar 3 12:07:09 GMT 2007
df
Reports the amount of disk space used and available on filesystems.
Quote:$ df
dir
List directory contents.
Quote:$ dir
Quote:copy_of_lorem.txt lorem.txt moo.txt www
du
Estimate file space usage.
Quote:$ du -h /bin
Quote:7.8M /bin
echo
Display a line of text.
Quote:$ echo foobar
Quote:foobar
exit
Cause the shell to exit.
Quote:$ exit
fgrep
Print lines matching a pattern in a file.
Quote:$ fgrep "irure dolor" lorem.txt
find
Search for files in a directory hierarchy.
Quote:$ find hello*
Quote:hello_world
hello_world.c
free
Display amount of free and used memory in the system.
Quote:$ free
grep
Print lines matching a pattern.
Quote:$ grep -i apple fruitlist.txt
Quote:apple
groups
Outputs the user groups of which your account belongs to.
Quote:$ groups
Quote:games users
head
Output the first part of files.
Quote:$ head -2 lorem.txt
hostname
Outputs the machines hostname on the network.
Quote:$ hostname
Quote:Johns-Box
id
Outputs user id, group id, and groups of your account.
Quote:$ id
Quote:uid=1478(smallfoot) gid=100(users) groups=35(games),100(users)
kill
End a process.
Quote:$ kill -9 18298
Quote:-bash: kill: (18298) - Operation not permitted
killall
Kill processes by name.
Quote:$ killall irssi
Quote:irssi(18298): Operation not permitted
irssi(13372): Operation not permitted
irssi(22048): Operation not permitted
irssi: no process killed
last
Show listing of last logged in users.
Quote:$ last -n 3
ln
Make links between files.
Quote:$ ln -s data.txt symlink.txt
logname
Print user's login name.
Quote:$ logname
Quote:smallfoot
ls
List directory contents.
Quote:$ ls
Quote:copy_of_lorem.txt lorem.txt moo.txt www
man
Opens the manual page for a software or function.
Quote:$ man bash
md5sum
Outputs the MD5 hash sum of a file.
Quote:$ md5sum lorem.txt
Quote:56da9e37259af34345895883e6fd1a27 lorem.txt
mkdir
Makes a directory.
Quote:$ mkdir foobar
mv
Moves a file.
Quote:$ mv lorem.txt ipsum.txt
nl
Number lines of files.
Quote:$ nl lorem.txt
nm
List symbols from object files.
Quote:$ nm hello_world
od
Dump files in octal and other formats.
Quote:$ od -t x /bin/sh
Quote:2376640 00098020 000054d4 00000000 00000000
2376660 00000020 00000000 000000c7 00000008
2376700 00000003 080e6500 0009d4f4 00004ae8
...
pidof
Find the process ID of a running program.
Quote:$ pidof fetchmail
Quote:22392
ping
Pings a host.
Quote:$ ping -c 2 127.0.0.1
Quote:PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.048 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.052 ms
--- 127.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.048/0.050/0.052/0.002 ms
ps
Outputs running processes.
Quote:$ ps
pstree
Display a tree of processes.
Quote:$ pstree
pwd
Outputs the name of current working directory.
Quote:$ pwd
Quote:/home/smallfoot
rm
Removes a file or directory.
Quote:$ rm lorem.txt
rmdir
Removes a directory.
Quote:$ rmdir foobar
sed
Stream editor for filtering and transforming text.
Quote:$ echo "My cat's name is Bob" | sed -e 's/Bob/Mittens/g'
Quote:My cat's name is Mittens
sha1sum
Outputs the SHA1 hash sum of a file.
Quote:$ sha1sum lorem.txt
Quote:c942ddebd142ec8bacac9213d48096e74bab4957 lorem.txt
shutdown
Bring the system down in a secure way. All logged-in users are notified that the system is going down.
Quote:$ shutdown now
size
List section sizes and total size.
Quote:$ size /bin/bash
stat
Outputs file status.
Quote:$ stat lorem.txt
strings
Print the strings of printable characters in files.
Quote:$ strings hello_world
tail
Output the last part of files.
Quote:$ tail -2 lorem.txt
talk
Talk to another user.
Quote:$ talk bob Lookout for the dopefish!
touch
Change a file's access and modification timestamps. If file does not exist, create it.
Quote:$ touch lorem.txt
tty
Outputs the name of the current terminal.
Quote:$ tty
[/QUOTE]/dev/pts/16[/QUOTE]
uname
Outputs operating system, hostname, kernel version, date and timp, and processor.
Quote:$ uname -a
Quote:Linux Johns-Box 2.6.9 #1 SMP Wed Jul 19 16:24:18 MSD 2006 i686 Intel® Xeon™ CPU 2.80GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux
uptime
Outputs the system uptime.
Quote:$ uptime
users
Print the user names of users currently logged in to the current host.
Quote:$ users[/QUOTE]alice bob charlie eve[/QUOTE]
vdir
List directory contents.
Quote:$ vdir
w
Show who is logged on and what they are doing.
Quote:$ w
wall
Send a message to everybody's terminal.
Quote:$ wall next week we change the server for a new one
wc
Counts lines in a file.
Quote:$ wc -l lorem.txt
Quote:7 lorem.txt
whatis
Search the whatis database for complete words.
Quote:$ whatis bash
who
Outputs who is currently logged into the system.
Quote:$ who
whereis
Locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command.
Quote:$ whereis bash
Quote:bash: /bin/bash /etc/bash /usr/share/man/man1/bash.1.gz
whoami
Outputs your username / the name of your account.
Quote:$ whoami